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wideband RF anomaly detection · homelab security

The airwaves are
never actually quiet.

An RTL-SDR dongle that continuously sweeps 24 MHz–1.7 GHz, learns what's normal nearby, and flags what isn't — from a dispatch radio nobody expected to a strong signal sitting where nothing should be transmitting at all.

Live, cataloging real signals daily · deployed 2026-08, relocated to a quieter site since
24 MHz 1.7 GHz LEARNED BASELINE (per hour) ANOMALY CAPTURE DECODE IDENTIFIED
Every sweep is compared against what that frequency normally looks like at that hour. A real departure triggers a capture — if a decoder recognizes it directly, that's the answer; if not, a lookup cascade takes over before ever asking AI to guess.

The problem you already know is there

Cell towers, two-way dispatch radios, garage door remotes, weather sensors, aircraft transponders, FM stations, the occasional pager still in service — the air around any property is genuinely busy, all the time, and almost nobody has any visibility into it. A real spectrum analyzer that could actually watch for changes over weeks costs $2,000–$20,000–plus, and even then you're looking at one snapshot, not a trend.

The alternative most people actually have is: none. If something new starts transmitting near your property tomorrow, there is currently no way you'd ever know.

What it does instead

A $30 RTL-SDR dongle sweeps the entire 24 MHz–1.7 GHz range every three minutes and learns what a normal signal level looks like at each frequency, hour by hour — a Tuesday-afternoon baseline isn't the same as a 3am one. When something deviates enough, it captures a few seconds of raw radio and tries to decode it directly. If that fails, a mostly-free lookup cascade takes over — a real decoder match first, then a check against 11 million+ FCC license records, then a static band-allocation table, then matching against signals it's already identified before — and only asks Claude for a tentative guess when literally nothing else resolves it.

Everything here is receive-only. Nothing is ever transmitted, decrypted, or interfered with — it's a passive listener, not a jammer or an intercept tool.

286distinct signal clusters cataloged so far
98.3%identified for free — no paid AI call needed
$30the entire hardware cost

The 98.3% figure is real, current, and improving as the fingerprint/decoder layers grow — but it's a snapshot from one antenna, one location, about three weeks in. It'll drift as new signal types show up.

What's actually working right now

A plain status ledger, not a sales sheet — this is what's verified, what's degraded, and what's still open.

Wideband sweep & anomaly detection24MHz–1.7GHz, every 3 minutes, against a rolling per-hour baseline
Working
Persistent-signal catalogingstartup + daily recheck catches things that never looked like a deviation
Working
Protocol decodingISM devices, pagers, aircraft transponders, FM RDS station data
Working
Free identification cascadedecoder evidence → FCC license lookup → band table → fingerprint
Working
FM station call-letter decoding (RDS)the dongle itself has an intermittent hardware fault since 08-29 that's degrading this specifically; hardware fix in progress
Degraded
Automatic hardware-fault recoveryUSB power-cycle + disconnect-burst alerting, added 2026-09-05
Working
"Worth a manual look" flaggingright now that includes a strong signal inside the protected radio-astronomy band
Working
Public live dashboard & Telegram alertsnew clusters and daily summaries
Working

The same dongle could do more

The hardware is already sweeping the full 24MHz–1.7GHz range continuously — the ceiling isn't the antenna, it's what gets built on top of it. A second, narrower-band instance watching just an amateur radio or business band for a HAM operator, automatic correlation against FCC enforcement bulletins for known interference sources, or a portable version for a one-off site survey are all realistic next steps on the same underlying pipeline.

Who this is for

Homelab hobbyistscurious what's actually on the air nearby
HAM radio operatorsa standing record of local RF activity and interference
Rural & remote propertiespassive awareness with zero transmission of your own
SDR beginnersa real, working end-to-end RTL-SDR pipeline to learn from
"I wanted to know what was actually happening in the air around my own property, not just guess at it. Turns out the answer is: a lot — and most of it's mundane once you can actually see it." — Ray, designer & builder of RF Hunter